Vermin - jeg har løsningen! En røys med kinesere tar oppdraget! Den godeste formann Mao beordret i 1958 alle mann til krig mot , ja, nettopp; - spurvene! Drep alle, var ordren.
Nå, UP, hva synes du om DETTE innlegget da? Ikke et eneste bannord, 100% relevant til trådstarters problemstilling, og dessuten vitenskapelig underbygget av nasjonen som huser 1,4 milliarder mennesker!
Er jeg inne i varmen igjen nå? Please?
For spesielt interesserte (og ornitologer som liker skrekkhistorier); her er storyen:
The Chinese Sparrows of 1958. By Sha Yexin. August 31, 1997.
Any living organism cannot avoid disasters and catastrophes, no matter whether it is a rat scurrying across the street, a fly hitting the wall, a dog losing its home, a rabbit having its warren destroyed, an ant crawling in a hot pot, a fish in a dried pond, a turtle trapped in a jar or a lamb in the tiger's jaws. But none have ever encountered a disaster on the scale of that which fell upon the Chinese sparrows in 1958. That catastrophe was practically almost enough to extinct the species. The disaster was not a natural one; rather, it was a manmade one. In the entire history of sparrows around the world, they have never been embroiled in a people's war as they were in China in 1958.
In the history of people's wars in China, there are two extraordinary episodes. In the first war, the superbly equipped 8-million-strong Kuomintang army was slowly chewed up by the small-caliber rifles of the Communists. The second war was the 1958 war against the sparrows in China. On December 13, 1958, in Shanghai alone, the most primitive weapons were used to destroy almost 200,000 sparrows. How many died across the nation in total? Probably at least 8 million? What do you think about the human's ability to conduct war?
Let use look at the Shanghai newspaper on that day. The headline was, "The whole city is attacking the sparrows." The news story was quite lively, so that we can still feel the heat of the battle when we read it today.
"On the early morning of December 13, the citywide battle to destroy the sparrows began. In large and small streets, red flags were waving. On the buildings and in the courtyards, open spaces, roads and rural farm fields, there were numerous scarecrows, sentries, elementary and middle school students, government office employees, factory workers, farmers and People's Liberation Army shouting their war cries. In the Xincheng district, they produced more than 80,000 scarecrows and more than 100,000 colorful flags overnight. The residents of Xietu road, Xuhui distrct and Yangpu road Yulin district also produced a large number of motion scarecrows. In the city and the outskirts, almost half of the labor force was mobilized into the anti-sparrow army. Usually, the young people were responsible for trapping, poisoning and attacking the sparrows while the old people and the children kept sentry watch. The factories in the city committed themselves into the war effort even as they guaranteed that they would maintain production levels. In the parks, cemeteries and hot houses where there are fewer people around, 150 free-fire zones were set up for shooting the sparrows. The Nanyang Girls Middle School rifle team received training in the techniques for shooting birds. Thus the citizens fought a total war against the sparrows. By 8pm tonight, it is estimated that a total of 194,432 sparrows have been killed."
I went back to read my diary back then. In 1958, I went with the Department of Chinese at the Huadong Normal University to Commune Number 4 in Huating town, Jiading county for revolutionary education. I was living in Hujia village. On December 13, my diary entry was: "The city government decided to kill the sparrows today, including in the rural outskirts. In the morning, we were divided into the three teams to fight in this war. In the afternoon, we were also divided into teams to continue the war." In retrospect, it would seem that I was being very sketchy about a great historical episode, and therefore I have let history down. As I recalled, my fellow students and I climbed onto some tall trees on the side of the road and banged our gongs, drums, washbasins and anything else that could make loud noises. The sparrows were forced to keep flying until they dropped dead from fatigue. If the millions of dead sparrows had been autopsied, I dare say that 90% of them died from sudden cardiac arrest (from fatigue or fright).
Just as the three great battles in the war of liberation were personally ordered and directed by the Great Leader, this people's war against the sparrows was also personally ordered and directed by his esteemed self. Between March and May, 1958, he conducted central government work conferences in Chengdu, Wuhan and Guangzhou and also at the Second Plenum of the Eighth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He called for the eradication of the sparrows, one of the four pests. He said: "Here is the method -- we make our resolution, we coordinate our actions, we divide our tasks, we cut off the food supply, we set up a trap and we continue our battle of destruction." Physical force needed to be complemented by propaganda tools to motivate the people. Thus, he wanted people to write many folk songs. I tend to think that writing folk songs is just as well-intentioned as the war against the sparrows. Concerning these folk songs, he said: "Everyone will be given three or five pieces of paper for them to write folk songs. We have more than 90,000 towns around China. If each town can publish one collection of folk songs, we would have 90,000 different books. In order to surpass our quota, our school leaders even asked us to write at least 10 folks songs a day! If they can grow 10,000 jin of crops on one mu of land during the Great Leap Forward, then why can't you write ten folk songs a day? Fine. Let's write; if you can't, then you must make something up. So I made up this song on the day of the war against the sparrows.
"The entire people is mobilized together. The sparrows have been wiped out, the mosquitoes have fled to Fujian while the flies are hiding in Guangdong."
There is obviously some element of local protectionism in that. Frankly speaking, it deserved to be criticized.
This disaster against the sparrows was finally terminated in 1959 when the Academy of Sciences leaders brought up the opinions of scientists such as Zhu Xi and Zheng Zuoxin. The scientists had autopsied the digestive systems of the sparrows and found that three-quarters of the contents were harmful insects and only one-quarter was human food. This showed that sparrows were basically a beneficial bird for humans.
Sparrows have flaws just like intellectuals. When they jump on the flagstaff, they look self-important. They also like to chirp when they are in charge, just like intellectuals like to talk. They are also disinterested in politics and lack deep visions, as they are content just to own a home. But ultimately sparrows can catch harmful insects and fulfill their functions, just as intellectuals can toil honestly and do what they are good at. So their contributions are greater than their flaws, say in a 30%/70% ratio. Although the sparrow is tiny, it has all the body organs and it is also an essential member of the ecology. So how could we butcher them? There may a few misbehaving individuals, but that is just a very small number for which there is no reason to mobilize the entire human population to eradicate the entire species.
Last year was the thirtieth anniversary of the Cultural Revolution. This year is the fortieth anniversary of the Anti-Rightist campaign. Both of these events passed by quietly in this peaceful atmosphere. Next year will be the fortieth anniversary of the Great Sparrow Disaster. Can we commemorate it from either the viewpoint of protecting the ecological environment or making policies on the basis of democracy and scientific data? History should not be forgotten!